Nói đến tiếng anh thì các thì luôn là điểm cần lưu ý nhất để sử dụng. Đa số tiếng anh dựa vào không gian và thời gian tại thời điểm nói để diễn đạt ý muốn nói.
Chúng ta sẽ cùng đến với thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn để có thể diễn tả những hành động trong quá khứ cách rõ rang nhất.
Thì này dựa vào cấu trúc như thế nào? Chúng ta cùng theo dõi bài viết sau và cùng chia sẻ thông tin nhé!
Định nghĩa:
Theo hướng cơ bản, thì quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn diễn tả lại quá trình xảy ra một hành động nào đó và hành động này bắt đầu trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ. Cần chú ý thời gian khi nói thì này.
Cách dùng thông dụng nhất
Cách dùng thông dụng | Ví dụ |
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra trước một hành động trong quá khứ, trong những ngữ cảnh muốn nhấn mạng tính tiếp diễn của hành động được nói đến. | My son had been studying before I come back. Ý nghĩa: Con trai tôi vẫn đang học trước khi tôi trở về. |
Được dùng để diễn đạt một hành động là nguyên nhân của một điều gì đó đã diễn ra trong quá khứ. | Tony distressed because he had been working. Ý nghĩa: Tony đã kiệt sức vì anh ấy làm việc liên tục. The clothes was bad because she has been sewing uncareful. Ý nghĩa: Những quần áo này xấu vì cô ấy đã may không cẩn thận. |
Công thức : khẳng định, phủ định và nghi vấn
Câu khẳng định |
Câu phủ định |
Câu nghi vấn |
S + had + been + V-ing Ví dụ: |
S + hadn’t + been + V-ing CHÚ Ý: |
Had + S + been + V-ing ? Trả lời: Yes, S + had./ No, S + hadn’t. |
Dấu hiệu nhận biết cơ bản
Nhận biết qua các từ, giới từ: until then, by the time, prior to that time, before, after.
Bài tập
Câu 1. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets
1. My father was very tired when He arrived home. (My father/work/hard all day) He’d been working hard all day.
2. The my friends came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired. (they/play/football) ……………….
3 Tom was disappointed when he had to cancel my holiday. (Tom/look/forward to it) ……………….
4 My brother woke up in the middle of the night. He was frightened and didn’t know where he was. (He/dream) ……………….
5 When they got home, Pike was sitting in front of the TC. He had just turned it off. (Pike/watch/a film) ……………….
Bài 2: Read the situations and complete the sentences
1. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it started to rain.
2. They had arranged to meet Nancy in a shop. They arrived and waited for her. After 40 minutes they suddenly realized that they was in the wrong shop. They…. for 40 minutes when they … the wrong shop.
3. My wife got a job in a factory. Three years later the factory closed down. At the time the factory … , my wife … there for five years.
4. We went to a concert last month. The orchestra began playing. After about fourty minutes a boy in the audience suddenly started shouting. The orchestra … when ……
5. My sister began walking along the road. My sister….. when ….. (This time make your own sentence)
Bài 3: Put the verb into the most suitable form, past continuous (I was doing) past perfect (I had done) or past perfect continuous (I had been doing)
1 It was very noisy in their house. Their children (have) a party.
2 Peter and his mother went for a walk. His mother had difficulty keeping up with him because he … (walk) so fast
3 My brother was sitting on the ground.He was out of breath. He … (run)
4 When you arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They … (eat)
5 When Long arrived, we was sitting round the table and chat. Ourr mouths were empty, but our stomachs were full. We … (eat)
6 My uncle was on his hands and knees on the floor. He … (look) for his contach lens.
7 When Brown arrived, I … (wait) for him. I were annoyed with him because he was late and I … (wait) for a long time.
Đáp án
Câu 1:
1. My father worked very hard all day
2 They’d been playing football
3 Tom had been looking forward to it
4 My brother had been dreaming
5 Pike had been watching a film
Câu 2:
- We had been playing for half an hour when it started to rain.
- They’d been waiting for 20 minutes when they realized that they was in the wrong restaurant
- At the same time the factory closed down, my wife had been working there for three years
- The orchestra had been playing for about fifteen minutes when a women in the audience started shouting
- My sister had been walking along the road for about ten minutes when a car suddenly stopped just behind her.
Câu 3:
2 was walking
3 had been running
4 were eating
5 had been eating
6 was looking
7 were waiting … had been waiting
Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn là một thì tương đối quan trọng trong ngữ văn tiếng anh. Khi nói hoặc viết cần chú ý thời điểm nói, điều được nói đến. Hy vọng bài viết này chia sẻ được những thông tin bạn cần.